Interpreting Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms

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Multiple sclerosis is a disease that attacks the brain and spinal cord and can lead to damage in the central nervous system. People with multiple sclerosis can experience a variety of symptoms that range in frequency and intensity. Even after a period of remission, symptoms can return and be as frightening as ever. To help you understand the changes in your body, we'll explain some of the most common multiple sclerosis symptoms that you may be experiencing.

MS symptoms usually appear between the ages of 20 and 40. The onset of MS may be dramatic or so mild that a person doesn't even notice any symptoms until far later in the course of the disease. Primary symptoms include impairment of the necessary transmission of electrical brain signals to muscles and the organs of the body.

The symptoms include weakness, tremors, tingling and numbness, loss of balance, vision impairment, paralysis, and bladder or bowel problems. Secondary symptoms result from primary symptoms. For example, paralysis can lead to bedsores, incontinence, and recurring urinary tract infections. These symptoms can be treated, but the ideal goal is to avoid them by treating the primary symptoms. Tertiary symptoms are the social, psychological, and vocational complications associated with the primary and secondary symptoms. Depression, for example, is a common problem among people with MS.

Fatigue is the most common symptom of MS. It is typically present in the mid afternoon and may consist of increased muscle weakness, mental fatigue, sleepiness or drowsiness. Many MS patients report a sensitivity to heat that worsens when they go outside or take a shower. Muscle spasms are a common and often debilitating symptom of MS.

Spasticity usually affects the muscles of the legs and arms, and may interfere with a person's ability to move those muscles freely. Many people with MS complain of dizziness and lightheadedness. These symptoms are caused by damage in the complex nerve pathways that coordinate vision and other inputs into the brain that are needed to maintain balance.

Multiple sclerosis symptoms may take the form of cognitive impairment. Problems with thinking occur in about half of the people with multiple sclerosis. For most, this means slowed thinking, decreased concentration, or decreased memory. Approximately 10% of people with the disease have severe impairment that significantly impairs their ability to carry out tasks of daily living. Many people also experience vision problems, and abnormal sensations like numbness, itching, burning, stabbing or tearing pains. Fortunately, most of these symptoms are not life-threatening and can be treated. However, symptoms such as speech and swallowing problems, tremors and difficulty walking are caused by damaged nerves that normally aid in performing these tasks. While these symptoms are common, they are difficult to treat.

While multiple sclerosis symptoms can be aggravating and frightening, it's important to remember that they are not life threatening. Speak to your doctor or contact a national multiple sclerosis support group for more tips and advice on dealing with your disease. You can still live a full and active life if you are willing to make small changes.

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